WHORM Countries

Countries – Geographic Areas (7 l.ft., Boxes 1-14; Boxes 1-2 Flat, Small; Boxes 1-2; Flat, Medium; Boxes 1-4; Flat-Restricted Access)
This primary subject category contains material relating to long-term scheduling for working and official visits from foreign heads of state and foreign ministers; defining categories of head of state visits; presentation of diplomatic credentials; protection for diplomatic missions in the United States and US missions abroad; fiscal responsibility for diplomatic ceremonies and foreign mission protection; lists of head of state correspondence; and mailing lists with correct names and addresses for heads of state.

Secondary subject categories for individual countries often contain material relating to visits to the White House by foreign heads of state.  These may be state visits, official working visits, working visits or personal visits.  We have not always made the distinction clear in each case.  Material relating to these visits may include: welcoming, departure and toast speeches by President Reagan; review of current policies with that particular country; arrangements for air transportation; schedules for the visit; separate meetings with the Vice President; arrangements for Mrs. Reagan to host the first lady of the country; establishing the guest list for dinners/lunches; the formal schedule for the visiting Head of State; Mrs. Reagan briefings and talking points for her meetings with other First Ladies; thank-you notes to the entertainment at dinners; thank-you notes from the foreign heads of state and thank you notes to Mrs. Reagan from invitees to dinners and lunches.  In 1981, foreign heads of state visits were coordinated by Craig Fuller, Director of Cabinet Affairs and Richard Darman, Staff Secretary.  In some cases, categories contain full briefing books and background material developed under their coordination.  This is relatively rare and occurs for 1981 visits only.

The following Case Files from this Subject Category have been digitized:

Policy issues on Southern Africa were also filed in CO141 (South Africa).  Please see CO141 for more information on Southern Africa, particularly the situation and policy in Namibia and Angola.

South America – Central and Latin America (4.3 l.ft.; Box 22-36)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to US missions to improve agriculture, trade and industry in Central America; passing and implementing the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI); the status of the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico in relation to the CBI; head of state letters from various Caribbean nations on the CBI and its implementation; establishing the Central America Outreach Group; editing and publishing Central American papers covering human and civil rights violations in Nicaragua and Cuba, Communist influence in the area in the White House Digest and supply of arms to various groups by the Soviet Union and Cuba; establishing the State Department’s public diplomacy program; opposition and support for the US Central American policy; Catholic church group comments on Central America; funding for various Central American programs;  renegotiating debt for Central and Latin American countries; Congressional inquiries to resolve the 1980 murder of churchwomen in El Salvador; the Contadora negotiations and letters to Contadora heads of state; and reaction to the Contadora “Guatemala City” agreement regarding Central America.  The majority of this material is focused on Central America and the Caribbean Basin Initiative. South America material is usually in regards to the Contadora negotiations or economic issues.

The following Case Files from this Subject Category have been digitized:

Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of (.8 l.ft.; Box 36-38)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to Reagan meetings with Afghan resistance leaders in 1983 and 1986; American humanitarian aid for Afghans; Armand Hammer involvement in assisting in Afghanistan solutions; Congressional and public support for Afghan rebels; instructions for Geneva negotiations on the Afghan settlement; and USIA documentaries and public relations efforts on the Afghanistan rebels.See also: CO119 (Pakistan) for additional material relating to Afghanistan.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Bhutan (1 folder, Box 45)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to New Year’s greetings from the King of Bhutan and correspondence from Senator Larry Pressler urging a fuller diplomatic relationship between the United States and Bhutan.

Burma, Socialist Republic of the Union of [Myanmar] (.1 l.ft., Box 47)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the return to Burma of stolen 15th century bronzes; appointment of ambassadors; numerous head of state letters from San Yu thanking Reagan for kind words or assistance; United States assistance in the opium crop eradication program; and reports on the student/democratic uprisings of late 1988 after the military seized power in September 1988.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

France (.8 l.ft.; Box 72-74)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to multiple meetings between Vice President Bush and former leaders of France and cabinet level ministers during 1981; ambassador’s appointment; French involvement with the restoration of the Statue of Liberty; analysis of French economics; Presidential remarks for the Paris Air Show in 1983; State visits by President Mitterand in 1983 and working visit in September 1988; President Mitterand’s address to a joint session of Congress; France/US space and technology cooperation; the 40th anniversary of the Normandy invasion; US/French accords on exchange of prisoners and application of taxes for US citizens in France; negotiations over the patent rights for the AIDS test; Head of State correspondence containing congratulations and holiday greetings; numerous meetings with French officials at the cabinet level; Billy Graham’s evangelical crusade in France in the 1980s; Prime Minister Jacque Chirac’s address to the International Private Sector Conference held November 25, 1986 in Paris; and Prime Minister Chirac’s official working visit in March 1987. 

The following Case Files in the Subject Category have been digitized:

Gabon Republic (.2 l.ft.; Box 74)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the Vice President’s meeting with President El Hadj Omar Bongo and photo opportunity with President Reagan in June 1981; ambassador appointments; invitation to Gabon for the Vice President in 1982; promotion of the International Center of Bantu Civilization in Libreville within the United States; lobbying by Triton Energy, Tenneco, Unocal and Congressmen to invite Bongo for a presidential visit; and the official working visit of the President Bongo in July 1987.

This subject category has been fully digitized: 

Gambia, The (1 folder, Box 74)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments and a visit by President Dawda Jawara with the Vice President in 1986.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:  

Germany (.1 l.ft.; Box 74)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to East Germany-West Germany exchange of spies; various ideas for the reunification of Germany; restitution for Nazi Holocaust and forced labor camp victims; validity of Soviet evidence used to convict Nazi war criminals; the 1983 German-American tricentennial; the 750th anniversary of Berlin and accusations against the Department of Justice’s actions against rocket scientist Arthur Rudolf and his loss of American citizenship.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Germany, Democratic Republic of (East) (3 folders, Box 74)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the proclamation of the consular convention between the United States and the German Democratic Republic (GDR); undue punishment for a US serviceman who assisted an East German family to escape; a media request to profile the military liaison at Potsdam; a report on some cultural exchanges with East Germany; possible legislative change to the claims made by US citizens against the GDR; potential settlement of Holocaust victim claims against the GDR; head of state Independence Day greeting from Erich Honecker and visa applications for a family wanting to be reunited with family in West Germany

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Germany, Federal Republic of (West) (1.6 l.ft.; Box 75-79)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to multiple visits to the United States by the German Federal Republic (FRG) Foreign Minister, Defense Minister, opposition political figures, Mayor of Berlin, President, President of States, and other cabinet level FRG government officials to the President, the Vice President and other U.S. cabinet officials; Memorandums of Conversation for some of these meetings; visits to the United States of Chancellor Schmidt and Chancellor Kohl; German television requests for interviews of the President; German-American cultural exchanges; celebration of the German-American tricentennial; public affairs efforts to improve U.S. image in West Germany; German economic issues and international monetary issues; commemoration of then Governor Reagan's part in returning German antiquities to Germany; potential German arms sales to Saudi Arabia; Presidential support for the German Marshall Fund of the United States and the 21st Century Fund; various requests for help for American citizens in Germany and requests to assist native Germans return to Germany from the Soviet Union.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Ghana, Republic of (3 folders, Box 79)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to a White House briefing for a Ghanaian minister on management issues for a presidency; visit of Barbara Bush and Loret Ruppe to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Peace Corps in Ghana and deliver Presidential and Vice-Presidential letters on this subject; use of a forged document alleging US involvement in anti-government activities; exile Ghanaian groups calling for a return to democracy and asking the United States withhold  support for coup leader Jerry J. Rawlings.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Greece Hellenic Republic (.2 l.ft.; Box 79-80)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to monitoring Greek elections; meetings with the Archbishop of the American Greek-Orthodox community; ambassador appointments; lobbying from various private citizens for an official Presidential invitation to Prime Minister Papandreou to visit the United States; Greek-American concerns for worsening of US-Greek relations; sharp US criticism of remarks by Prime Minister Papandreou regarding the KAL007 incident; resolutions condemning the Greek government’s lax security resulting in the hijacking of TWA Flight 847; difficulties in renegotiating US base and Voice of American agreements and requests for help with the Greek government.

The following Case Files from this Subject Category have been digitized:

Greenland (1 folder, Box 80)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to a public citizen’s concern about the Soviet Union establishing radar installations in southern Greenland.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Guinea-Bissau, Republic of (2 folders, Box 83)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; Head of State correspondence with President Joao Vieira regarding the general capital increase for the World Bank in 1988 and African representation on the World Bank board; and President Vieira’s visit with President Reagan in October 1988.

Haiti, Republic of (.5 l.ft.; Box 83-84)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the transition to democracy after President Jean-Claude Duvalier abdicates; 1987 election violence; correspondence informing the US government of two post-Duvalier coups; Executive Order 12588, “Action Against Certain Assets of Disputed Title”, freezing Duvalier’s assets held in the United States; solicitations from various Haitian political parties and candidates seeking US backing in elections; concerns for the deteriorating conditions in Haiti in 1986-1988; ambassador appointments; conditions and grounds for detaining Haitian immigrants; and assistance for Dupont Caribbean in a long standing dispute with the Haitian government.

Hong Kong, Republic of (2 folders, Box 85)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to President Reagan meeting with Sir Yue Kay Pao; Chinese remarks on the upcoming negotiations on Hong Kong; the situation in Hong Kong while negotiations are proceeding; US position on the Sino-British settlement regarding Hong Kong; and comments on the US Consular office in Hong Kong.

The Case Files in this subject file have been fully digitized: 

Israel (2.1 l.ft.; Box 96-101)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the possibility of moving the U.S. embassy to Jerusalem; the Israeli settlements in the West Bank and Gaza; the state visit of Prime Minister Menachim Begin in September 1981 and his meeting with President Reagan on June 21, 1982; the working visit of Prime Minister Shimon Peres in October 1984; the official working visit of Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir in February 1987 and March 1988; the Vice President’s speech to the Israeli Knesset in 1986; emigration of Soviet Jews; the Jonathan Pollard spy case; the deportation of John Demjanjuk to Israel for Nazi war crimes; the views of American Jewish groups on US-Israel relations; the ratification of a new protocol on income tax conventions between the US and Israel; the extension of Israeli municipal laws and administration in the Golan Heights; UN votes on Israeli-Arab issues; the views of Arab-American groups on US-Israel relations; the completion of the Camp David accords and the hand-over of the remaining land in the Sinai; the visit of President Navon in January 1983 and President Herzog in November 1987; comments on the Sabra/Shatila refugee camp massacres; Report of the International Commission on Israel in Lebanon; sales of arms to Jordan and Saudi Arabia; the signing of a Memorandum of Agreement with Israel in April 1988; and reactions to the “disturbances” in the West Bank and Gaza beginning in December 1987, now known as the first Intifada.

Additional material regarding Soviet Jews and their emigration from the Soviet Union can be found in CO165 (Soviet Union). 

The following Case Files in the Subject Category have been digitized:

Italy, Italian Republic (.8 l.ft., Box 101-103)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to reports on Italian public opinion on defense, SCDI, and foreign policy issues; the Friends of America Club in Italy;  ambassador appointments; Congressional resolutions to thank the Italian Republic for the rescue of kidnapped American General James Dozier; appeals for United States assistance for the police officers who rescued General Dozier; Italian purchase of American made airplanes; repeated correspondence on behalf of scientist Americo Mosca and his attempts to market and patent pesticides in America; Italian involvement in Lebanon; US basing in Italy; an updated extradition treaty to deal specifically with narcotics trafficking; notice of Italian hosting of international conferences; a new convention on income taxes with Italy; repeated visits from past and present Italian prime ministers (President of the Council of Ministers) including Amintore Fanfani, Giovanni Spadolini, Ciriaco de Mita, Bettino Craxi and Giovanni Goria; and arrangements for Bettino Craxi to address a joint session of Congress.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast) (3 folders, Box 103)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; the state visit of President Felix Houphouet-Boigny to the United States in June 1983; reports from USIA on media events for Ivory Coast television commemorating the state visit; and correspondence from Houphouet-Boigny regarding US aid to Africa and asking reconsideration of US decision on supporting UNESCO.

The Case Files in this subject file have been fully digitized: 

Jamaica (.2 l.ft.; Box 103-104)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to meetings with Prime Minister Edward Seaga in January 1981, February 1983, November 1983, April 1984, and October 1988; invitation to Iranian hostages to vacation in Jamaica at government expense; purchase of Jamaican bauxite for the National Defense Stockpile; the U.S. Business Commission on Jamaica periodic reports; involvement of David Rockefeller with the Business Commission; information on Jamaican economic reforms, tax reforms, and business investment opportunities; a Jamaican plan for dealing with international debt; implementation of a modern extradition treaty in 1983; and reports on the devastation of Hurricane Gilbert in Jamaica, September 1988.

The following Case Files in the Subject Category have been digitized:

Japan (4 l.ft.; Box 104-114)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; meetings between Cabinet level members and their Japanese equivalents; defense spending burden sharing; Head of State US-Japan Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology; Japan and US studies of the Japanese education system; US-Japan Nuclear Cooperation agreement; protests against Japanese whaling industry; review of Japanese management practices and Japanese industrial policy; creation of the US-Japan Energy Working Group regarding export of US energy products to Japan particularly from Alaska; creation of the US-Japan Advisory Commission; the status of the yen in world financial markets; Japanese protests against US states using the worldwide unitary taxation method; commemorations of the bombing of  Hiroshima and Nagasaki; possible sanctions for Toshiba Corporation for the sale of sensitive machine tools to the Soviet Union; the Japanese FSX fighter plane; advise and assist Japanese government on establishment of a national security group and crisis intervention management; the visit of Prime Minister Suzuki in May 1981, the visits of Prime Minister Nakasone in January 1983, April 1986, and April 1987; the visits of Prime Minister Takeshita in January 1988; the visit of the Crown Prince and Princess of Japan; condolences on the death of Emperor Hirohito; and public opinions of Japanese elite on defense and trade issues.

The majority of this secondary subject category contains material relating to international trade between the United States and Japan.  Specific material relates to meetings with the head of MITI (Japan’s Ministry of International Trade and Industry) with the President and other White House staff members; President’s meeting with the Keidanren (CEOs from Japanese industries); reports from the US-Japan Economic Relations Group commonly known as the “Wisemen”; sanctions against Japan for “dumping” semiconductors; United States Trade Representative and Secretary of Commerce reports on the US trade deficit with Japan and particular grievances for the following industries/products: US cigarettes, financial industry, machine tools, construction, microchip processors, telecommunications, pharmaceutical and medical products, agricultural products particularly beef, citrus fruit and rice, paper, cargo air freight and trans-Pacific air routes; the establishment of “MOSS” (Market-Oriented, Sector-Selected) talks on trade with Japan; Japanese “Plans of Action” for the economy and responding to US concerns about fair trade in Japan.

This secondary subject category also contains material relating to the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II.  The material relates to the passage of H.R. 442 (To Implement Recommendations of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians) paying reparations to the internees and their families.  The material was misclassified at the White House and the Library has decided to leave it within CO078 due to its volume.  The majority of the material on this issue can be found in secondary subject category HU013-22 (Human Rights – Japanese-American Groups).

Korea, Republic of (South) (.6 l.ft.; Box 116-117)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; Kim Dae Jung – his imprisonment, release, exile in the United States, return to South Korea, and as a candidate for president; calls for release of other political prisoners, notably Shim Bon Lee; civil rights in general and democratization of  South Korea; state visits of President Chun Doo Hwan in February 1981, and April 1985 and cancelled post-presidential visit of March 1988; visits with President Roh Tae Woo in September 1987 and October 1988; US trade sanctions against Korea for the insurance industry, tobacco products and intellectual property rights; security assistance for the 1988 Olympics; Seoul subway contract;  possible Korean purchase of US helicopters; Senator Jay Rockefeller visit to South Korea in 1987; decision on assistance for Korean purchase of US cotton;  and possible US economic sanctions for South Korea violation of Korean civil rights.

Kuwait, State of (.3 l.ft.; Box 118)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to US support for Kuwait’s newly elected assembly after a four-year suspension; Kuwait Petroleum Corporation investment in Santa Fe International; protection of Santa Fe subsidiary C.F. Braun; 1983 disqualification of Santa Fe International’s mineral land leasing rights due to discrimination against US firms in Kuwait; July 1988 official working visit of Crown Prince and Prime Minister Sheikh Sa’ad of Kuwait; and the reflagging and protection of Kuwaiti owned tankers in the Persian Gulf.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Laos, People’s Democratic Republic (2 folders; Box 118)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to requests for information on POWs held in Laos, a Heritage Foundation report on POWs/MIAs possibly held in Laos; various Laotian exile groups asking for US help in overturning the Communist government of Laos; and assistance for Laotian refugees in the United States.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Latvia (1 folder; Box 118)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to objections to US consular visits to Riga, Latvia in violation of the US diplomatic non-recognition policy; concerns for Latvian Catholics and religious persecution; Latvia-American associations calling for condemnation of Soviet oppression and Congressional resolutions in support of independence for the Baltic states.

TThe Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Lebanon, Republic of (.8 l.ft.; Box 118-121)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the continuing crisis in Lebanon in the 1980s including the Syrian invasion and bombing of Christian strongholds, the Israeli invasion of 1982, the Shabra and Shatile refugee camp incidents, the Marines’ barracks bombing in 1983, removing the Palestine Liberation Organization from Lebanon, ongoing violence and terrorism, the hostage-taking and peril of the American University of Beirut, and the need for free and fair elections in 1981 and 1988; visits to the United States by President Amine Gemayel in October 1982, August 1983 and December 1983; war powers issues for the Marines in the US Multi-national peace-keeping forces; presidential meetings with the Maronite and Armenian Christian leaders of Lebanon; funding for American University; numerous head of state letters with Kenya, Kuwait, the USSR, Australia, Morocco, Israel, Saudi Arabia, France and Egypt on resolving the Lebanese crisis; public statement guidance on the US policy in Lebanon; a typed copy of Reagan’s notes on his speech regarding the Marine barrack’s bombing; and pleas from friends and relatives of the individual hostages taken in Lebanon to assist in freeing them.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Lesotho, Kingdom of (2 folders; Box 121)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to routine letters with Constitutional monarch King Moshoeshoe II; photo opportunity with King Moshoeshoe II in 1987; ambassador appointments; and the 1986 coup installing Major General Justin Lekhanya and deposing Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Liberia, Republic of (.1 l.ft.; Box 121)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the instability in Liberia in the immediate months after the coup by Commander in Chief Samuel K. Doe, problems in 1985 during the presidential election period and again in 1988 with economic problems; August 1982 meeting of Reagan and Samuel Doe; Liberian-Americans calling for US assistance for return to democracy in Liberia; report from Doe’s hand-picked “Special Election Commission” to verify his election in December 1985 as president of Liberia; Congressional resolution declaring the election a fraud; ambassador appointments and the pull-out of US AID economic advisors from Liberia in late 1988.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Libya, Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1.4 l.ft.; Box 121-125)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the May 1981 closing of the People’s Libyan Diplomatic Bureau; correspondence with exile Libyan pro-democracy movements; economic policy towards Libya and sanctions; semi-annual reports to Congress on the state of emergency with Libya (harsher 1986 sanctions); yearly renewal of the state of emergency in 1987, 1988; freedom of navigation exercises in the Gulf of Sidra and exchange of fire with Libya forces; Congressional concerns about the War Powers’ Act and US actions towards Libya; nearly 1 cubic foot of reactions to the US bombing of Libyan targets on April 15, 1986; personal injury/wrongful death lawsuits brought by the victims of the Libyan bombing attack; public guidance on Libyan ties to terrorist acts and US relations with Libya; USIA actions regarding the Gulf of Sidra event and the 1986 bombing; plan of action for the White House on April 15, 1986; and a letter from the President of Chad about his successful military victory over Libya.

The following Case Files in the Subject Category have been digitized:

Mexico (United Mexican States) (2.2 l.ft.; Box 126-132)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to correspondence with border states officials, members of Congress and Governors, on immigration, maquiladora border labor/factory arrangements and border environmental issues; USIA reports on Mexican views of US-Mexican meetings; constructing a second San Diego border crossing at Otay Mesa; review of all US/Mexico border crossings; embargo on import of Mexican tuna and seizure of US tuna boats; meetings of the Interparliamentary Conference between Mexican and US legislators; organizing an association of Caribbean nations; Southwest Border Regulatory Commission; possible guest worker contracts; Mexican debt crisis,  peso devaluation and nationalization of banks; economic policy statements for Mexico; annual meetings between Reagan and the presidents of Mexico Jose Lopez Portillo and Miguel de la Madrid; traveler safety in Mexico; the US-Mexican Bi-National Commission; Mexican Central America policy and the Contadora peace process; the October 1985 Mexico City earthquake; restriction of Mexican trucker licenses for the US; the murder of DEA agent Enrique S. Camarena; Bilateral Commission on the Future of US-Mexican Relations Report; Report of the Agricultural Trade and Development Mission to Mexico; and ambassador appointments.

The following Case Files in this Subject Category have been digitized:

Netherlands (.3 l.ft.; Box 134-135)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the official working visit of Prime Minister van Agt for March-April 1981. The Prime Minister met with the Vice President instead due to the assassination attempt on President Reagan on March 30, 1981.  Additional material includes the 1982 state visit of Queen Beatrix to commemorate the bicentennial of Dutch-US relations; Queen Beatrix’s address to a Joint Session of Congress; ambassador appointments; the working visit of Prime Minister Rudd Lubbers in 1983; meetings throughout 1983 and 1984 with Dutch cabinet ministers on the question of INF basing in the Netherlands; and a new extradition treaty signed in September 1983.

This secondary subject category also contains material relating to the Netherland Antilles and the renegotiation of a US/Netherland Antilles tax treaty.

Pakistan, Islamic Republic of (.5 l.ft.; Box 146-147)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; the state visit of President Zia in December 1982; requests to allow Mrs. Nusrat Bhutto to leave Pakistan for cancer treatment; human rights abuses in Pakistan and support for political prisoners particularly academic prisoners; establishment of the US-Pakistan Joint Committee; Vice President meetings with President Zia and Foreign Minister Yaqub Khan; USIA report on Kirk Douglas visit to Pakistan and Afghanistan; US efforts to assist Pakistan in fighting the narcotics and drug trafficking in Pakistan; establishment of US-Pakistan Working Group on Narcotics; lending our customs assistance to Pakistan for control of drug trafficking; the state visit of Prime Minister Mohammed Khan Junejo in July 1986; head of state correspondence on military assistance to Pakistan, nuclear proliferation, restoration of representative government in late 1985; and the situation in Afghanistan; Indian and Indian-American protests against providing Pakistan with AWACS; President Zia cancellation of June 1988 visit due to domestic unrest; death of President Zia, Ambassador Raphel and Brigadier General Wasson in a August 17, 1988 plane crash; and Pakistan positions regarding the negotiations of Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Palestine, Islamic Republic of (.4 l.ft.; Box 147-148)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to establishing a Reagan foreign policy for the West Bank and Palestinian issues; public citizens and groups urging the US to recognize the PLO as the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and to negotiate directly with them; positive and negative response to the direct talks with the PLO in 1988; human rights violations within the occupied territories; American Jewish organizations protesting the perceived “rehabilitation” of Yasser Arafat by President Mubarak; reports on private conversations with Arafat; the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 and the its requirement to close the PLO Information Office in Washington, DC and the Palestinian UN Observer’s Office; the decision not to appeal the District Court’s over-ruling of the closure of the Palestine UN Observation Office and opinions on the legal status of an independent Palestine state.

Panama, Republic of (.6 l.ft.; Box 148-150)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to Congressman Eldon Rudd’s reports on talks with General Manuel Noriega in 1981 and his accession to head of the Panamanian National Guard in 1984; concerns about the Canal Zone and the School of the Americas under the 1977 Panama Canal Treaty; formal resolution of the dual wage scales in the Canal area by US government agencies; calls for the US to support a coup in Panama and return democracy; ambassador appointments; Reagan meeting with President de la Espriella in 1982; Reagan meeting with President-elect Barletta in July 1984; Barletta request to meet President Reagan after being deposed; human rights violations and general loss of civic rights in Panama; accusations of poor treatment of Americans and opposition parties by the Panama National Guard; piracy of videocassettes by Panama; resignation of Ambassador Briggs in 1986; October 1986 request for Congressional testimony of Oliver North and Bill Perry on drug trafficking in Panama; increasing alarm about the Panamanian situation in 1987-1988 and the safety of Canal Zone employees; Executive Order 12635 establishing a state of emergency with Panama and allowing the President to impose economic sanctions; Panama Canal Commission and the business community objections to certain aspects of EO 12635; May 1988 negotiations for the removal of General Noriega; protests against the possible removal of  criminal drug charges against Noriega; legal opinions regarding a General Accounting Office proposed investigation of government involvement with Noriega and awareness of drug trafficking by foreign governments; proposed Congressional amendment to force the White House to cooperate with the GAO investigation;  White House press release on decision to not cooperate with the GAO and financial and economic measures for post-Noriega Panama.

The following Case Files in the Subject Category have been digitized:

Papua New Guinea (2 folders; Box 150)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to negotiations regarding American tuna fishing within Papua New Guinea adjacent seas; cancelled drop-by with Prime Minister Michael Somare; ambassador appointments; Caspar Weinberger interest in setting up a visit for Prime Minister Somare in 1985; and pleas to President Reagan to assist the “West Papua New Guinea” (West Irian) gain freedom from Indonesia.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Paraguay, Republic of (1 folder; Box 150)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to a possible Reagan meeting with President Alfredo Stroessner in May 1981; ambassador appointments; an invitation to Reagan to visit Paraguay and Paraguay participation in international drug abuse conferences and meetings sponsored by the White House.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:  

Peru, Republic of (.2 l.ft.; Box 150)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the Vice President’s meeting with a Peruvian Senator in March 1981; discussion of the Peru/Ecuador border dispute; support for Perez de Cuellar as UN General Secretary; the visit to Peru of an American Agricultural Task Force; assistance for Americans incarcerated in Peru; Carlton Turner involvement in drug abuse and trafficking issues in Peru; Reagan meeting with Prime Minister Belaunde in September 1984; celebration of 40th anniversary of the Food for Peace program; civic aviation dispute with Peru and the suspension of AeroPeru flights; concern about the worsening domestic situation in Peru in 1987-1988; and President Reagan’s honoring Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Philippines
This secondary subject category contains material relating to human and civil rights abuses and political murders of Benigno Aquino and Cesar Clemaco under the Marcos presidency; Filipino-American groups protesting the Marcos government; support for Marcos from World War II retirees and Philippine based American business; ambassador appointments; requests for US funding for various projects in the Philippines; Vice-President’s meeting with Imelda Marcus in August 1981; the State visit of President and Mrs. Marcos in September 1982; the Philippines statehood movement; the charges and trial of Catholic priests Niall O’Brian and Vicente Dagan; condemnation of the fraud in the February 1986 presidential elections by observer groups; Congress; and Filipino and American citizens; the transportation of the Marcos family to Hickham Air Force Base after his resignation; protests against costs incurred by the US government in extracting the Marcos family; the indictment of Imelda and Ferdinand Marcos for fraud; and support for a “Marshall Plan” for the Philippines to help with economic problems after President Marcos resigns.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Poland, Polish People’s Republic (1.8 l.ft.; Box 153-158)

This secondary subject category contains material relating to U.S.-Polish relations; possible US visit by Solidarity leader Lech Walesa; correspondence with Reagan by Lech Walesa; the Polish economic crisis of the 1980s including Poland’s international debts and food shortages; sending food and humanitarian relief to Poland through private groups and the Polish Catholic Church; the imposition of economic sanctions against Poland and the Soviet Union after martial law declared in December 1981; the Worldnet airing of USIA production, “Let Poland be Poland”; continued contact with Solidarity support groups; 1988 Reagan meeting with Solidarity leaders; Solidarity reports on human rights violation and political prisoners held in Poland; drafts of Presidential statements regarding Poland; the imposition and ending of martial law in Poland; Congressional resolutions in support of Solidarity and Polish resistance to Soviet rule; and relaxation of immigration laws for Polish exiles.

The following Case Files from this Subject Category have been digitized:

Rwanda, Republic (1 folder; Box 160)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the Vice President’s meeting with General Bonaventure Habimana in 1982; ambassador appointments; the visit of Director of the Peace Corps Loret Ruppe to Rwanda in 1985; and attempts to schedule a Reagan and President Juvenal Habyarimana meeting for 1987-1988.

South Africa, Republic of (4.7 l.ft.; Box 163-175)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; South African occupation of Namibia, Namibian independence and coordination of US policy with allies on Namibia; 1988 negotiations for a settlement involving removal of South African occupation of Namibia; South Africa involvement and invasion of Angola; South Africa raids in neighboring countries on African National Congress (ANC) outposts; comments on apartheid policies in South Africa and the US policy of “constructive engagement” with South Africa from citizens, interest groups –especially religious organizations, businesses and elected officials at all levels of government; 1985 anti-apartheid bill; declaration of state of emergency with South Africa in 1985; Executive Orders 12532 and 12535 declaring limited sanctions; Executive Order 12571 implementing 1986 sanctions; support for President Reagan’s opposition to punitive sanctions against South Africa and his veto of the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986; Head of State correspondence from other foreign leaders concerned about the situation in South Africa and campaigning for US sanctions; Reagan meetings with Bishop Desmond Tutu and Mangosuthu Buthelezi; concern for human rights violations in South Africa and various political prisoners; diplomatic status of the “homelands” within South Africa; new consular treaty with South Africa in 1984; 1981 report from the Study Commission on US Policy toward South Africa; business compliance with the “Sullivan Code”; guidance for administration speakers on South Africa policy and the sanctions bill and veto; 1987 and 1988  reviews of US policy towards South Africa; 1987 report on the affects of sanctions; constitutionality of local and state sanctions legislation; South Africa Working Group and their public diplomacy program; and Department of State publications on US policy in South African and South African publications on their efforts to expand black South African rights and their new constitution.

White House Director of Communications, 1985-1987, Patrick Buchanan, worked extensively on US South African policy and particularly on the public affairs campaign to stop enactment of sanctions against South Africa and the effort to sustain President Reagan’s veto of the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986. This secondary subject category contains numerous examples of his specific work product including correspondence regarding South Africa, US policy and sanctions, internal memos, strategy ideas and extensive editing for his editorial published immediately prior to the vote on sustaining the veto entitled “Do We Have to Destroy South Africa in Order to Save Her?”    

Sri Lanka, Democratic Socialist Republic of (.2 l.ft.; Box 177-178)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to Buddhist holiday Wesak greetings from Prime Minister Premadasa; ambassador appointments; Vice President’s meeting with Deputy Foreign Minister Tyronne Fernando in November 1981; Don Regan’s meeting with Finance Minister Ronnie de Mel in 1985; State visit of President Jayewardene in June 1984; Head of State correspondence primarily regarding US aid to Sri Lanka and the Tamil uprising; human rights concerns regarding persecution of the Tamil rebels; state restructuring in 1986 to provide power sharing to the provinces; and the aid project, Thriposna, administered through C.A.R.E.

The following Case Files from this Subject Category have been digitized:

Sudan, Republic of (.1 l.ft.; Box 178)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to the Vice President’s meeting with Vice President and Minister of Defense Abd al-Majid Hamad Khalil in July 1981; the Vice Presidents meeting with President Gaafar Mohamad Nimeiri in 1982; the President’s meeting with President Nimeiri in 1983; ambassador appointments; the Food for Peace program; human rights problems in the developing civil war in southern Sudan; imposition of Sharia law on non-Muslims in the south Sudan; review of Chester Crocker visit to Sudan in 1986 and a review of problems in delivery food aid to relieve the famine in Sudan.

The Case Filesin this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Suriname, Republic of (2 folders, Box 178)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; a possible security contract for protection of the New York City Consulate; the Council for the Liberation of Suriname; genocide of the Maroon population in Suriname and a 1987 report from an international visit by European, African, Caribbean and Asian representatives on the political and economic stability of Suriname.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Swaziland, Kingdom of (1 folder; Box 178)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; Vernon Orr’s attendance at the silver jubilee of King Sobhuza II; the sugar industry and export constraints; and Colonel Milton Frank’s attendance at the coronation of King Mswati III.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Sweden (.3 l.ft.; Box 178-179)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to private visits by King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia in 1981, 1982, and 1988; declaration of 1988 as the Year of New Sweden commemorating the 250th anniversary of a Swedish colony in America; the official visit of Prime Minister Carlsson in September 1987; Joint Resolution making Raoul Wallenberg an honorary US citizen; efforts to determine the exact disposition of Raoul Wallenberg; 1984 speech by the Swedish Defense Minister on increasing Swedish defense spending; and Soviet implications of US involvement in the assassination of Prime Minister Olof Palme.

The Case Filesin this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Switzerland (.1 l.ft.; Box 179)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to Ambassador John Davis Lodge communications and a speech given in Switzerland on the Western alliance; US visit by Swiss based Director General Francis Blanchard of the International Labor Organization; ambassador appointments; Vice President meetings with Swiss Senate President Peter  Hefti in 1981 and Vice President Furgler in 1984; NSC meeting with Deputy Foreign Minister Edouard Brunner; SwissAir landing rights for Houston and civil aviation negotiations between the United States and Switzerland; conclusion of World War II claims by Swiss citizens on German war property held by the United States; Congressional resolution in praise of Swiss support for international peace and understanding and photo opportunities with Reagan for Vice President Jean Pascal Delamuraz and Justice Minister Elisabeth Koop.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Syrian Arab Republic (.1 l.ft.; Box 179)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; US pressure on Syria to permit Jewish emigration from Syria and the Abadi murder incident; Senator Hatch suggestions regarding Syria for Robert McFarlane’s Mideast 1983 shuttle diplomacy; and concerns about Syrian sponsored terrorism.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Tanzania, United Republic of (1 folder; Box 179)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments, the cancellation of the working visit in 1988 for President Mwinyi; and a request for books to be sent to Tanzanian libraries.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized: 

Uganda, Republic of (2 folders, Box 183)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; pressing the UN to put Idi Amin on trial; human rights concerns for Sudanese Ugandans and other refugees; political prisoners in Uganda and a photo opportunity for President Musiveni with President Reagan in 1987.

The Case Files in this Subject Category have been fully digitized:

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)] (11.9 l. ft.; Box 183-213)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to Soviet dissidents; Soviet political prisoners; religious freedom within the USSR; requests for emigration assistance to those wanting to leave the USSR; plight of Soviet Jews, plight of Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, Ukrainians and Germans in the Soviet Union; status of Raoul Wallenberg; arrest of Nicholas Daniloff; Chernobyl nuclear accident; Soviet role in Afghanistan; meetings with Soviet officials; Gorbachev’s 1987 and 1988 US visits; US-USSR Summits in Geneva, 1985, Reykjavik, 1986, Washington, 1987 and Moscow, 1988; campaign by Lawrence, Kansas to be site of US-USSR summit; trade with the Soviet Union; restrictions on technology exchange; return of Alaskan Arctic islands to Russian sovereignty; assistance for victims of the Armenian earthquake of 1988; independence for Armenia; wheat sales; some issues of  Soviet Military Power; USIA studies of Soviet propaganda efforts in various regions; political humor in the Soviet Union; and articles, speeches and papers on US-Soviet relations.

For more material regarding emigration issues for Soviet Jews, please see CO074 (Israel).

United Arab Emirates (1 folder; Box 213)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to ambassador appointments; head of state correspondence thanking the United States for National Day Greetings; gratitude for gifts; and the possible Washington visit of Sheikh Zayed.

This subject file category has been fully digitized: 

United Kingdom (2.2 l.ft.; Box 213-218)
This secondary subject category contains material relating to Northern Ireland, including the IRA hunger strikes of 1981 and the 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement; the 1982 Falkland Islands war with Argentina; meetings and correspondence involving President Reagan, Prime Minister Thatcher, Queen Elizabeth II, and other US and British officials; visits to the US by Mrs. Thatcher, the Queen, Prince Philip, and Prince Charles and Princess Diana; British politics and government, including the general elections of 1983; British economic, foreign, and trade policies; and a campaign to obtain President Reagan’s support for a granting of knighthood to Ian MacNab of Canada.

The following Case Files from this Subject Category have been digitized: